The Arun Valley Trek is a thrilling 15-day journey through one of the deepest and most beautiful valleys in the world, nestled between the famous Everest and Makalu trekking regions. This moderate trek is perfect for those who long to see the magnificent peaks of the Everest region but wish to avoid the extreme high altitudes of the classic Base Camp trail. The valley, carved by the powerful Arun River, offers an incredible trekking experience through a stunning diversity of landscapes, and it is quite possible that you will not see another trekker for several days.

The journey begins with a scenic one-hour flight from Kathmandu to Tumlingtar, located in the heart of eastern Nepal. From here, your memorable journey on foot begins, hiking along the beautiful Arun River and through picturesque rural farmlands. The trail climbs steadily, taking you up through verdant, mixed forests, which are particularly spectacular during spring when the rhododendrons are in full bloom. As you ascend, you will cross several high passes that offer jaw-dropping and rare mountain views of Mount Everest (8,848m), Lhotse (8,516m), and the magnificent Makalu (8,463m).

This trek is characterized by its remote villages, lush terraced hillsides, dense jungles, and spectacular Himalayan panoramas. The trail leads you through numerous traditional villages, primarily inhabited by the Rai, Limbu, and Sherpa ethnic groups. Eventually, your trail from this remote wilderness will meet up with the classic Jiri to Everest trekking route, which will lead you to the famous airstrip at Lukla, the gateway to the Everest region.

The Arun Valley is located in the eastern part of Nepal, nestled between the famous Everest and Makalu trekking regions. It is one of the deepest and most beautiful valleys in the world, carved by the powerful Arun River that flows from the high Himalayas down to the lowlands. The valley stretches from the lowlands near Tumlingtar (520m) up through the hills to high passes like Salpa Pass (3,350m) and Panggom La Pass (3,170m).

Geographically, the Arun Valley is situated in the Sankhuwasabha and Solukhumbu districts of eastern Nepal. The valley serves as a natural corridor between the lowland Terai region and the high Himalayas, creating an incredible diversity of ecosystems and landscapes. The trek begins in Tumlingtar, accessible by a scenic one-hour flight from Kathmandu, and follows the Arun River upstream through remote villages and pristine wilderness.

What makes the Arun Valley special is its incredible remoteness and pristine nature. The valley sees very few trekkers, offering authentic solitude and untouched wilderness. The trail leads through diverse landscapes - from subtropical forests and terraced rice fields in the lower reaches to dense rhododendron forests and high alpine meadows as you ascend. The valley is also culturally rich, home to the Rai, Limbu, and Sherpa communities who maintain their traditional ways of life. From the high passes, you get spectacular views of several of the world's highest mountains including Everest, Lhotse, and Makalu, all visible in a single sweeping glance.

The Arun Valley Trek is rated as moderate, making it accessible to trekkers of all skill levels who are looking for a unique and rewarding adventure. This 15-day journey follows a moderate trail with gradual ascents, reaching a maximum altitude of 3,350 meters at the Salpa Pass. The trek is perfect for those who want to experience the beauty of the Himalayas without the extreme challenges of high-altitude trekking.

Difficulty factors:

• Moderate altitude: The trek reaches a maximum altitude of 3,350 meters at the Salpa Pass, which is much lower than many other Himalayan treks. This makes it more accessible and reduces the risk of altitude sickness. The gradual ascent allows for natural acclimatization, making it suitable for first-time trekkers or those who prefer to avoid extreme high altitudes.
• Gradual ascent: The trail follows a moderate path with gradual ascents rather than steep, challenging climbs. While there are some steeper sections, particularly on Day 5 to Guranse and Day 9 to Panggom, the overall gradient is manageable. The trail has many ups and downs, but nothing too extreme.
• Daily walking duration: Most days involve 5-6 hours of trekking, which is moderate and allows for plenty of rest and exploration time. The longest days are around 6-7 hours, but these are well-paced with breaks for meals and rest. The trek is designed to be enjoyable rather than grueling.
• Terrain variety: The trail passes through diverse but manageable terrain - from well-maintained paths through villages and terraced fields to forest trails and mountain passes. While some sections can be challenging, particularly during monsoon season, the overall trail is well-established and safe.
• Fitness requirements: You should be in reasonable physical condition with the ability to walk 5-6 hours daily with a daypack. Basic fitness and stamina are sufficient - you don't need to be an athlete. The trek is suitable for anyone with a passion for adventure and a moderate level of fitness. It's an excellent choice for first-time trekkers in Nepal or those seeking a less strenuous alternative to high-altitude treks.

The Arun Valley Trek offers a unique combination of spectacular natural beauty, rich cultural experiences, and authentic wilderness adventure. This journey through one of the deepest valleys in the world provides numerous highlights that make it a truly special trekking experience.

Main highlights and attractions:

• Spectacular Mountain Views: From the high passes, particularly the Salpa Pass (3,350m) and Panggom La Pass (3,170m), you get jaw-dropping and rare views of several of the world's highest mountains in a single, sweeping glance. You'll be treated to incredible views of Mount Everest (8,848m), Lhotse (8,516m), and the magnificent Makalu (8,463m), the fifth-highest mountain on Earth. The views from these vantage points are absolutely spectacular.
• Incredible Biodiversity: The trek takes you through a stunning variety of landscapes, from lush subtropical forests in the lower Arun Valley to beautiful high alpine meadows and pastures. You'll walk through dense jungles, terraced rice fields, banana plantations, and rhododendron forests that are particularly spectacular during spring when in full bloom. The diversity of flora and fauna is remarkable.
• Authentic Cultural Experiences: The trail leads through numerous traditional villages, primarily inhabited by the Rai, Limbu, and Sherpa ethnic groups. Because this area sees so few outside visitors, the interactions with local people are incredibly warm, genuine, and hospitable, offering a truly authentic cultural experience. You'll visit villages like Bung, Panggom, and Sanam, experiencing their unique traditions and legendary hospitality.
• Sacred Salpa Pokhari: One of the spiritual highlights is visiting the sacred Salpa Pokhari, a beautiful pool that is supposed to fulfill wishes. This sacred lake is located near the Salpa Pass and is surrounded by refreshing vegetation and wildlife, creating a peaceful and spiritual atmosphere.
• Classic Camping Adventure: The Arun Valley Trek is primarily a classic camping journey, allowing you to sleep under the bright, starry sky, surrounded by towering peaks, with delicious meals prepared by skilled chefs. This traditional camping experience adds to the authentic wilderness adventure.
• Remote Wilderness Solitude: The remoteness of the Arun Valley means you'll likely not see another trekker for several days, creating a true sense of wilderness and solitude. This pristine, off-the-beaten-path route offers an authentic adventure experience that is increasingly rare in Nepal's more popular trekking regions.

The Arun Valley Trek is best done during spring (March-May) and autumn (September-November) when weather conditions are most favorable for trekking. These seasons offer clear skies, stable weather, and the best mountain views, making them ideal for enjoying the spectacular panoramas from the high passes.

• Spring (March-May): Excellent trekking conditions with clear skies, comfortable temperatures, and stable weather. The rhododendron forests are in full bloom during spring, creating spectacular scenery throughout the trek, particularly in the forests around Guranse and Sanam. The weather is pleasant at all elevations, making it ideal for crossing the high passes and enjoying clear views of Everest, Lhotse, and Makalu. Days are longer, providing more time for trekking and exploration. This is a beautiful time to experience the lush, green landscapes of the Arun Valley.
• Autumn (September-November): The most popular and best season for the Arun Valley Trek. Stable weather, crystal-clear mountain views, and ideal trekking conditions throughout. The post-monsoon period offers fresh air, clear visibility of the Himalayan peaks, and comfortable temperatures. This is considered the optimal time for trekking in the region, with the best chances of clear views from the high passes. The weather is dry and stable, making it perfect for camping and enjoying the starry nights.
• Winter (December-February) & Summer (June-August): Winter can be cold, especially at higher elevations and during early mornings and evenings, though it's still trekable with proper gear. Summer is monsoon season with heavy rainfall, leeches, landslides, and poor visibility, making trekking very challenging and potentially dangerous. The trails can become slippery and muddy, and the mountain views are often obscured by clouds. These seasons are generally not recommended, though winter can be manageable for experienced trekkers with appropriate cold-weather gear.

The Arun Valley Trek is primarily a classic camping trek, though some sections may have basic teahouse accommodations available. This traditional camping experience is one of the highlights of the trek, allowing you to sleep under the bright, starry sky, surrounded by towering peaks, with delicious meals prepared by skilled chefs.

Accommodation details:

• Tented camping: Most nights are spent in comfortable tented camps set up by your trekking team. Your trekking agency will provide all necessary camping equipment including quality tents, sleeping mats, and dining facilities. The camping experience adds to the authentic wilderness adventure, allowing you to fully immerse yourself in the natural surroundings. At some locations like Gai Kharka, tented camps are the primary accommodation option.
• Teahouse accommodation: In some villages along the route, particularly in larger settlements like Gothe Bazaar, Bung, Panggom, Puiyan, and Lukla, basic teahouse accommodations may be available. These provide simple rooms with shared facilities. However, the trek is designed as a camping experience, so tented camps are the primary accommodation method.
• Camping facilities: Your camping team will set up comfortable campsites with dining tents, kitchen facilities, and toilet tents. The campsites are carefully chosen for their scenic locations and safety. You'll have the opportunity to enjoy meals in the dining tent and relax around the campfire in the evenings.
• Meals: All meals are prepared fresh by skilled chefs as part of the camping experience. You'll enjoy hearty, nutritious meals featuring local Nepali cuisine and simple international dishes. The camping kitchen ensures you have proper nutrition throughout the trek, with meals served in the dining tent.
• Starry nights: One of the most magical aspects of the camping experience is sleeping under the bright, starry sky, surrounded by towering peaks. The clear mountain air and remote locations provide incredible stargazing opportunities, making each night a special experience.

The Arun Valley Trek is a 15-day journey, including travel days to and from Kathmandu. The actual trekking portion covers approximately 11 days of walking, with the remaining days allocated for travel, a contingency day, and leisure time in Kathmandu.

Trek duration breakdown:

• Total duration: 15 days from arrival in Kathmandu to final departure. This includes 1 day in Kathmandu (arrival), 1 day for travel to the trailhead, 11 days of actual trekking, 1 contingency day in Lukla, 1 day for return travel to Kathmandu, 1 free day in Kathmandu, and 1 day for final departure.
• Trekking days: Approximately 11 days of actual trekking, with daily walking durations ranging from 4-6 hours. Most days involve 5-6 hours of trekking, which is well-paced and allows for plenty of rest and exploration time. The trek is designed to be enjoyable rather than grueling.
• Distance covered: The trek covers approximately 120-150 kilometers of trekking distance, taking you from Tumlingtar through the Arun Valley, crossing high passes, and eventually reaching Lukla. The route includes gradual elevation gains and losses, making it physically manageable.
• Contingency day: Day 12 is a buffer day in Lukla to account for any potential delays due to weather or other unforeseen circumstances during the remote trek. If not used, it can be spent relaxing and exploring the town of Lukla.
• Free day in Kathmandu: Day 14 is a leisure day in Kathmandu to relax, go souvenir shopping, or explore more of the city's incredible cultural sights. This provides a nice break after the trek before your final departure.

The Arun Valley Trek requires standard trekking permits that are necessary for trekking in Nepal. Unlike some restricted area treks, the Arun Valley Trek uses standard permits that are easier to obtain. Your tour operator will handle all permit applications, but you need to provide the necessary documentation.

Required permits and documentation:

• TIMS Card (Trekkers' Information Management System): Required for all trekkers in Nepal. This card helps track trekkers for safety purposes and is obtained through your trekking agency or at the Nepal Tourism Board office in Kathmandu. The TIMS card is essential for trekking in the Solukhumbu region where the trek concludes.
• Makalu Barun National Park Entry Permit: Required for entry into Makalu Barun National Park, which protects the Arun Valley region. This permit helps fund conservation efforts in the park and is obtained at the entry point or through your trekking agency. The park covers 2,330 square kilometers and is a protected area renowned for its incredible biodiversity.
• Khumbu Pasang Lhamu Rural Municipality Permit: Required for trekking in the Khumbu region (Everest region) when you reach Lukla. This local municipality permit is obtained at the entry point or through your trekking agency. It supports local development and infrastructure in the Khumbu region.
• Sagarmatha National Park Entry Permit: Required when you enter the Solukhumbu region and approach Lukla. This permit is necessary for entry into Sagarmatha National Park, which includes the Everest region. The permit helps fund conservation efforts and is obtained at the park entry point or through your trekking agency.
• Valid Passport: Your passport must be valid for at least 6 months from your entry date into Nepal. You'll need to provide your original passport to your trekking agency for permit processing. Make sure to bring multiple passport-sized photos (usually 2-3 photos are required).
• Nepal Visa: Most nationalities can obtain a visa on arrival at Tribhuvan International Airport in Kathmandu. However, it's recommended to check visa requirements for your nationality in advance. The visa fee varies by duration of stay (15, 30, or 90 days).
• Travel Insurance: While not a permit, comprehensive travel insurance covering trekking activities, emergency evacuation, and medical expenses is highly recommended and may be required by your trekking agency. Make sure your insurance covers activities up to at least 4,000 meters altitude.
• Important Note: All permits can be arranged through a registered trekking agency in Nepal. Your agency will handle all permit applications, but you must provide your original passport, photos, and proof of travel insurance. The permit process is straightforward and can usually be completed quickly, often on the same day or within a day of arrival in Kathmandu.

The Arun Valley Trek takes you through incredibly diverse ecosystems, from subtropical forests to high alpine meadows, creating a rich environment for both wildlife and flora. The journey through this pristine wilderness offers opportunities to encounter various species of animals and plants, making it a paradise for nature enthusiasts.

Wildlife you may encounter:

• Himalayan Wildlife: The forests and meadows of the Arun Valley are home to various species including Himalayan black bears, musk deer, langur monkeys, and various species of deer. While wildlife sightings are never guaranteed, the pristine nature of the valley provides good habitat for these animals.
• Birdlife: The diverse ecosystems support a wide range of bird species. You may spot various species of pheasants, eagles, vultures, Himalayan monals, and many other Himalayan birds throughout your trek. The forests are particularly rich in birdlife, making it a paradise for birdwatchers.
• Flora and Vegetation: The trek showcases incredible biodiversity in terms of plant life. You'll walk through lush subtropical forests with Sal trees, dense rhododendron forests (particularly spectacular during spring when in full bloom), oak and birch forests, bamboo thickets, and high alpine meadows with various wildflowers and medicinal herbs.
• Rhododendron Forests: One of the highlights is walking through beautiful rhododendron forests, especially around Guranse and Sanam. During spring (March-May), these forests are in full bloom, creating spectacular displays of red, pink, and white flowers that are absolutely breathtaking.
• Agricultural Diversity: The lower elevations feature terraced rice fields, banana plantations, and various crops including millet, which is a major crop in this region. This agricultural diversity adds to the scenic beauty and cultural richness of the trek.
• Important Note: Wildlife sightings are never guaranteed, as these animals are wild and naturally avoid human contact. The best chances of spotting wildlife are during early morning and late afternoon hours. Always maintain a safe distance and follow your guide's instructions. The pristine nature of the Arun Valley helps preserve the natural habitat for these magnificent creatures and plants.

The Arun Valley Trek offers a unique and exceptional experience that sets it apart from other treks in Nepal. While popular routes like Everest Base Camp and Annapurna Circuit are well-trodden and crowded, the Arun Valley Trek provides an authentic wilderness adventure that is accessible to trekkers of all skill levels, making it perfect for those seeking a unique experience without extreme challenges.

Why choose Arun Valley Trek:

• True Wilderness Solitude: The Arun Valley receives far fewer trekkers than popular routes, offering authentic solitude and pristine wilderness. It is quite possible that you will not see another trekker for several days, creating a genuine wilderness expedition experience. This remoteness preserves the untouched beauty and authentic cultural heritage of the region.
• Spectacular Mountain Views Without Extreme Altitude: The trek offers jaw-dropping views of Mount Everest (8,848m), Lhotse (8,516m), and Makalu (8,463m) from high passes, but without the extreme high altitudes of base camp treks. This makes it perfect for those who want to see the magnificent peaks of the Everest region but wish to avoid the challenges of extreme high-altitude trekking.
• Moderate Difficulty Level: The trek is rated as moderate, making it accessible to trekkers of all skill levels. With gradual ascents and a maximum altitude of 3,350 meters, it's perfect for first-time trekkers or those seeking a less strenuous alternative to high-altitude treks. The trail is well-paced with 5-6 hour walking days.
• Incredible Biodiversity: The journey takes you through a stunning variety of landscapes, from lush subtropical forests and terraced rice fields to dense rhododendron forests and high alpine meadows. The diversity of flora and fauna is remarkable, with rhododendron forests that are particularly spectacular during spring when in full bloom.
• Authentic Cultural Experiences: The trail leads through numerous traditional villages inhabited by the Rai, Limbu, and Sherpa ethnic groups. Because this area sees so few outside visitors, the interactions with local people are incredibly warm, genuine, and hospitable, offering a truly authentic cultural experience that remains unspoiled by mass tourism.
• Classic Camping Adventure: The trek is primarily a classic camping journey, allowing you to sleep under the bright, starry sky, surrounded by towering peaks. This traditional camping experience adds to the authentic wilderness adventure, with delicious meals prepared by skilled chefs.
• One of the Deepest Valleys in the World: The Arun Valley is one of the deepest and most beautiful valleys in the world, carved by the powerful Arun River. This unique geographical feature creates dramatic landscapes and a sense of being in a truly special place.
• Perfect Alternative to Base Camp Treks: This trek is perfect for those who long to see the magnificent peaks of the Everest region but wish to avoid the extreme high altitudes of the classic Base Camp trail. It offers spectacular mountain views and authentic wilderness experience in a more accessible format.